2.QTP QUESTIONS FOR INTERVIEW

1.Navigation for merging of object repositories in QTP 8.2 Answer
 In Qtp 8.2 there is no any option for merging .     

So, we use the Quick Plus tool for merging of  OR, But in       

Qtp9.2 or 9.0 having the option like associate 

2 .How can you write a script without using GUI in QTP? Answer

We can Write the Script using without Object repository or

 GUI objects, that is "Descriptive Programming" here we can

 define an object with all properties.

3.How to load the *.vbs (or) test generating script in a new machine? Answer

Actually we load .vbs files into Qtp with the following 

option filesmenu-->Settings-->ResourceTab-->Press '+' 

symbol, then we get some Browse button press and navigate 

the path of that .vbsfile then its automatically load in system when u need any function from that file, simple u Call Call functionName 'any where in the script

4. How to add run-time parameter to a datasheet? Answer
a = Datatable.GetSheet("SheetNmae").GetParameterCount

If a = "" Then

b = inputbox ("Enter the no.of columns")

For i = 1 to b

   Datatable.GetSheet("sheetname").AddParameter         

("paraname","paravalue")

Next

End If

5.How do you run scripts in QTP?
we run scripts in qtp through execution grid and ) Once a tester has run a test, a TestFusion report displays all aspects of the test run: a high-level results overview, an

expandable Tree View of the test

6.What is the use of descriptive programming? Answer
You dont have to use the Object repository can write scripts using the Scenarios,

u don’t have to wait for the application to come.

We can go for descriptive programming in the following

situations

1).When application under test (AUT) is not ready. But if we the objects and their properties then we can prepare the script

2).If same type of objects present in multiple pages then it is difficult to maintain object repository then also we can go for descriptive programming.

ex: window("flightreservation")winedit("userid").set "siva"

with the above example it will go to identify the userid 

edit box using OR

and where as in Discriptive programming.

window("attachedtext:flightreservation")winedit

("attachedtext:userid",.......(no of values to 

identify).set"siva"

7. what is descriptive programming? Answer

Descriptive programing is nothing but without using the objectRepositary we are writing the script for the functionality.

Suppose we have a web application that has not been developed yet.Now QTP for recording the script and adding the objects to repository needs the application to be up, 

that would mean waiting for the application to be deployed 

before we can start of with making QTP scripts. But if we 

know the descriptions of the objects that will be created 

then we can still start off with the script writing for 

testing.

8.Which checkpoint we use to validate yahoo login screen window after login with ur id and password in qtp Answer

You should use standard check point to login and passward and page checkpoint for the login window.

9.How to connect to the Database from QTP? Answer

Through scripting this is way to connect the database

Example:-

set conn=Createobject("ADODB.Connection") 

Srvname="Driver={Microsoft ODBC for 

Oracle}:Server=DBserver,UID=Sa,Password=sa" 

conn.open Srvname 

Set Rec = CreateObject("ADODB.Recordset") 

SQL="select * from Users" 

Rec.open SQL ,conn 

Username=Rec.fields("employee name") 

Msgbox Username

Microsoft ADO (ActiveX Data Objects) is a Component object 

model object for accessing data sources.The ADO Recordset 

object is used to hold a set of records from a database 

table. A Recordset object consist of records and columns 

(fields).

In ADO, this object is the most important and the one used 

most often to manipulate data from a database.

Srvname is a connection string.if u already installed 

oracle in your system..using that path u can connect oracle 

database...if u dont have oracle give the connection string 

path..whatever connection string created used in database 

checkpoint by 

default...Example:DSN=QT_Flight32;DBQ=C:\Program 

Files\Mercury Interactive\QuickTest 

Professional\samples\flight\app\flight32.mdb;Driver=C:\WINDO

WS\system32\odbcjt32.dll;DriverId=281;FIL=MS 

Access;MaxBufferSize=2048;PageTimeout=5;

10. What is object spy Answer

Object spy is used to view physical or standard properties

of object in an open oplication.

11.What is the vb script when the url enter into the browser .

Browser Object.navigate "URL"

Ex: Browser("browser").navigate www.yahoomail.com

 12.How to invoke the web application through script in qtp Answer

Systemutil.Run("iexplore")

Set vBrowser=Browser("Creationtime:=0")

vBrowser.navigate("Url of your application for example:

"gmail.com" ")

Description:

This is descriptive programming code, this code first will

open the "Internet Explorer" and then will put your given

"url" to the browser automatically.

Second methods we can create IEexplore object and pass the URL.

set Browser =createobject("InternetExplorer")

Browser.visible =True

13 Defect Age: The duration between the defect found and closed.

14.What are the disadvantages of qtp? can Linux support qtp9.2? how could get web address through vbscript? Answer

Dis Adv:

1.QTP takes very long to open the tests and 100% CPU utilization is necessary

2.QTP scripts are heavy and stored into Xml files

Linux and Unix will not support in QTP.

15. What type of bugs u commonly find in u r project?

This is a general question in an interview. Would vary depending on what application you have worked in previous projects.

            Few examples

            -data not appearing

            -text not correct

            -disabled objects

            -not able to navigate to other screens

            -unexpected error messages

            -Cosmetic errors on the screen, like overlapping of images or text boxes

            -numeric values not stored properly in the database

16. What is agile testing explain with example?   www.io.com/~wazmo/papers/agile_testing_20021015.pdf

17. Application is given req n functionality r missing then how can u start testing?

When both the requirement and functionality are missing in the application: What is required has not been developed correctly. When you start testing all your test cases will fail. It would result in many bugs.

18. What r the types of defect tracking tools?

Here are Different kinds of Defect tracking tools in the market. Each is different in its own way.Some are designed in a way to be compatible with few applications.There are many Vendors who are developing tracking tools to cater the applications that they develop.Most common ones that you hear and I have worked with      Mercury Quality center or Test Director,Jira,OnTime Below is the list for many more defect tracking tools http://www.aptest.com/bugtrack.html

19. What is functionality testing?

Functionality testing is done to verify whether the product meets the intended specifications and functional requirements laid out in your development documentation or Business documentation.

20.What is change request, how u use it?

Change Request: A change request is a document containing a call for an adjustment of a current system. When a project has started and crosses the Analysis Phase and the coding has started. At this phase if the business has changes in the initial requirement. Then it has to be raised as a change request. Depending on the change, the change request can be taken up as a minor enhancement and can run parallel to the project, which covers all the SDLC phases.

 

21. Where do u store test cases?

Every company has a different approach to store the test cases. Few use the Tacking tools, where there is an option to have the test cases. Best example Mercury Quality centre, we store the test cases in Test Plan. Smaller organizations, maintain a standard folder structure for different projects.   They can store them in an excel spread sheets.

22.In which situations qtp will not recognize objects?

Few situations when QTP will not recognize objects:

            -when more than one object has the same name

            -when the object is misspell

            -when the application session expires and QTP still

Trying to looking for the object, shows a message that it cannot recognize the object.

23.At what stage u start automation in u r project?

For a developing application, when the code is completed and ready to test we can start the automation in the project.   If it’s already used functionality in the application, and undergoing basic changes then the automation can start.From start, once the design documents or the functional designs are completed.

24.Use of virtual objects explain?

Virtual objects enable you to create and run tests on objects that are not normally recognized by QuickTest. Your application may contain objects that behave like standard objects but are not recognized by QuickTest..You can define these objects as virtual objects and map them to standard classes, such as a button or a check box.       QuickTest emulates the user's action on the virtual object during the run session.In the test results, the virtual object is displayed as though it is a standard class object. For example, suppose you want to test a Web page containing a bitmap that the user clicks.The bitmap contains several different hyperlink areas, and each area opens a different destination page. When you create the test, the Web site matches the coordinates of the click on the bitmap and opens the destination page. To enable QuickTest to click at the required coordinates during a run session, you can define a virtual object for an area of the bitmap,which includes those coordinates, and map it to the button class. When you run the test, QuickTest clicks the bitmap in the area defined as a virtual object so that the Web site opens the correct destination page.

25.Can we do qtp testing with out creating objects in object repository? can we completely write code in expert view only?

     

Yes, you can create test scripts with out recording the objects in the OR. But this would depend on what kind of script ur developing. This would be very limited .opening an application can be done without any objects ,But if u want to test a whole application, it is very difficult to write test scripts without recording.

Yes, you can write code using the expert view

26.Where we can do automation testing? give example using   is a advantage  & disadvantage?

Application is not compatible with the Automation tool. Application is coded in such a manner that the tool takes more time to recognize the objects .If creating test scripts or automating the process is costing more to the project then we opt not to automate.

  27. What is the difference between gettoproperty and settoproperty?Explain with an example?

gettoproperty are the standard test object properties that do not change during run time...In short Property whose value is retrieved from the object description. 

ObjectCount = Browser("Demo of Vo Object").Page("Demo of Vo 

Object").ActiveX("VoDemoFormX").DROPDOWN

("FLIGHTS").GetTOProperty("itemscount") 

SETOPROPERTY - Modifying Test Object Properties during a Run Session  

CHANGING THE NAME 

Browser("Demo of Vo Object").Page("Demo of Vo 

Object").ActiveX("VoDemoFormX").VirtualButton

("button").SetTOProperty "Name", 0

28.Which object repository we use in real time and can we merge 2 object repostiory and how? Answer
There are usually two  types of object repository

1.Shared Mode (.Tsr)

2.Per-Action.  (.Mtr)

We usually use 1.Shared Mode (.Tsr)object repository.

We can merge two object repository.If you go to 

QTP-->Test-->Settings-->Resourses

You can use the Resources tab of the Test Settings dialog box to associate specific files with your test, such as VBScript library files and Data Table files, and to specify the object repository mode and file to use for your test.

29.What is descriptive.create()in qtp? Answer

To create properties collection and we can create properties object(MYDescription).once we have filled properties collection with a  set of properties objects(properties,values) we can specify properties object in place of an obj name.

29.Give me exact application where we should use low level recording? Answer

Disadvantage of low level recording is: it takes more disk space than Normal recording....

especially used when we need the exact mouse positioning movement...

30.How do you do database testing in qtp Answer

we use database checkpoints to do database testing in qtp. database checkpoints in a test  ensure that the application successfully retrieves or inserts data into a database.

31.What is the size of object repository using in your company?Answer

In 8.2 verisons the size of OR is 2 MB, but in 9.2 and above versions of QTP there is no limit or 64 mb.

32.How can we encrypt the username using recording mode in login window? There is 2 encrypted types what are it Answer

Methods for Encryption in QTP are as follows

1)SetSecure method -used only for TextBox object like WinEdit/WebEdit etc...

E.g:Browser("test").Page("test").WebEdit

("test1").SetSecure "1HG76BHGJ89sd8Jkl9hjs988dsnjsk" 'encryp

tedtext

2)Crypt.Encrypt(valueToBeEncripted)

E.g: var_Value = Crypt.Encrypt("Tester")

Methods usage in Test Script

E.g:

pwd = "GetPasswordfromSomewhere" 

e_pwd = Crypt.Encrypt(pwd) 

Browser("dfgd").Dialog("pass").WinEdit("pwd").SetSecure e_pwd

33.What is the object properties settings in the QTP Answer

Object properties settings means to see whether the particular object selected is enabled.disabled,focused,etc

34.How can I execute my scripts through client machine which is not having QTP installation .

It is not possible, because without having QTP installed on the client machine, how can we run the QTP ? 

35.Will QTP accepts javascript? Answer
The add-ins are included so that QTP can recognize certain objects.  Java add-in enables QTP to be able to identify JAVA objects and use corresponding methods; similarly .NET

add-in helps QTP to identify .NET objects.  A .NET window is identified as swfWindow and not WinObject or Window Object. Will QTP accept Javascript would mean - can you make QTP identify objects, perform tasks like entering data in edit box, click buttons, etc. using JavaScript.

Answer is YES. 

Quote from a documentation

"You can write your QuickTest automation programs in any language and development environment that supports automation. For example, you can use: VBScript, JavaScript,

Visual Basic, Visual C++, or Visual Studio.NET."

36.How to create folder on the desktop from QTP??

set a=createobject("scripting.filesystemobject")

set b=a.createfolder(Path of the folder)

37.Can u please explain what r the challenges u faced in ur automation testing

one of the challenges using automation testing are the available data in the testing environment. Once your scripts are already  placed and just need to execute them, data should be available and re-usable at the same time.

38.What is the abbreviation of .mtr in action repository? Answer

modular test repository

39.Wht are the BY default Add-ins in QTP 9.2 version and what all are differences between 8.2 and 9.2 Answer

Difference between qtp8.2 and qtp9.2

Over and above features provided with QTP 9.0 , QTP 9.2 provides following features:

Mercury Screen Recorder :

Capture your entire run session in a movie clip or capture only the segments with errors, and then view your movie fromthe Test Results window.

Dynamic Management of Object Repositories:

QuickTest now has a new RepositoriesCollection reserved object that you can use to programmatically manage the set of object repositories that are associated with an action

during a run session. 

Over and above features provided with QTP 8.2 , QTP 9.0 provides following features:

Object Repository Manager:

You can use the Object Repository Manager to manage all of the shared object repositories in your organization from one, central location. This includes adding and defining objects, modifying objects and their descriptions, parameterizing test object property values, maintaining and organizing repositories, and importing and exporting

repositories in XML format. You can open multiple object repositories at the same time.

Each object repository opens in its own resizable document window. This enables you to compare the content of the repositories, to copy or move objects from one object repository to another, and so forth.

Object Repository Merge Tool:

You can use the Object Repository Merge Tool to merge the objects from two shared object repositories into a single shared object repository. You can also use the Object

Repository Merge Tool to merge objects from the local object repository of one or more actions or components into a shared object repository. When you merge objects from two source object repositories,the content is copied to a new, target object repository,

ensuring that the information in the source repositories  remains unchanged. 

If any conflicts occur during the merge, for example, if two objects have the same name and test object class, but different test object descriptions, the relevant objects are

highlighted in the source repositories, and the Resolution Options pane details the conflict and possible resolutions.

Multiple Object Repositories per Action or Component:

QuickTest provides several options for storing and accessing test objects. You can store the test objects for each action or component in its corresponding local object repository,

which is unique for each action and component. You can also store test objects in one or more shared object repositories that can be used in multiple actions and components.

Alternatively, you can use a combination of objects from the local object repository and one or more shared object repositories. You choose the combination that matches your

testing needs.

XML Object Repository Format:

QuickTest now enables you to import and export object repositories from and to XML format. This enables you to modify object repositories using the XML editor of your

choice and then import them back into QuickTest. You can import and export files either from and to the file system or a Quality Center project (if QuickTest is connected to

Quality Center).

Function Library Editor: 

QuickTest now has a built-in function library editor, which enables you to create and edit function libraries containing VBScript functions, subroutines, modules, and so forth, and

then call their functions from your test or component.

Handling Missing Actions and Resources: 

Whenever a testing document (test, component, or application area) contains a resource that cannot be found, QuickTest opens the Missing Resources pane and lists the missing

resource(s). For example, a test may contain an action or a call to an action that cannot be found; a testing document may use a shared object repository that cannot be found; or

a testing document may use a object repository parameter that does not have a default value. In all of these cases, QuickTest indicates this in the Missing Resources pane,

enabling you to map a missing resource to an existing one,or remove it from the testing document, as required.  

40.An objects recognized without repository? Answer

Yes U can use Descriptive Programming where object Repository is not necessary..

41.What is the difference between Reusable action and external action? Answer

Reusable Action: we can call this action in between Actions in Test and also in between Tests. we can call this action in two ways 

1. Call copy of Action 

2. Call to Existing Action.

External Action(if it is not reusable action in test): this action we cann't call in another Tests by using Call to Exisiting Action. But we can call this external Action to another tests by using Call to Copy Action.

42.What is a Web Table? Answer

The table which is maintained in a webserver to insert the data transactions made by the user, which is in a tabular form. for ex: the transactions of userid and pwd of a particular user.

43.What is object identification? Answer

While we are recording the operation on application qtp tries to captures the properties to identify uniquely. first and foremost it concentrate on mandatory properties to identify the objects uniquely, if it is not possible it concentrates on assistive properties to identify uniquely and if it is also not possible, it capture the ordinal identifier like index, location, creation time. and store it in a file, it is called object repository file. Using this qtp will identifies the objects or windows.

44.How to test login page by using QTP Answer

Assuming its an web based application :

1) Invoke the application thru your browser

2) Add objects to OR

3) You can next copy this current action to another one, 

can do that by using " Copy the existing Action "

4) In expert view u have 2 actions

5) The first action in keyword view, should be like this :

if ( Browser(..).Page(..).exist) then

{

type what do u wanna do in ur login page ;

}

else

In the action column of keyword view for second action,

choose "Activate".

In your expert view , it will look like this.

{

Browser(..).Page(..).Activate

// rest of the statements.

}

Next u can check for Username and passwords fields, 

Handling the negative scenarios also.

45.User defined function in QTP

User defined functions are encapsulation of segments of code which is used several times in the script.They can be either within the QTP script or can be maintained in external .VBS or .TXT files

 

46.Give me some scripts for 1). checking webpage links (counting links,opening web pages,counting child elements) Answer

' Create object references to the Browser and Page objects.

Set BrowserObj =Browser("Yahoo!")

Set BrowserPageObj = Browser("Yahoo!").Page("Yahoo!")

' Set a description object to identify links.

Set oDesc = Description.Create()

oDesc("html tag").Value = "A"

' Get a collection of links

Set oLinkCollection = BrowserPageObj.ChildObjects(oDesc)

ItemCnt = oLinkCollection.Count-1

' Loop through the link collection

For i = 0 to ItemCnt

    msg = ""

    ' Highlight and click link i.

    Set oLink = oLinkCollection.Item(i)

    oLink.Highlight

    linkText = oLink.GetROProperty("innertext")

    msg = "link text = " & linkText & vbNewLine

    oLink.Click

    BrowserObj.Sync

    ' Read page title.

    titleStr = mid(BrowserPageObj.GetROProperty("title"),1,50)

    msg = msg & "page title = " & titleStr & vbNewLine

    ' Check if page load had error.

    If instr(1,titleStr,"Cannot find server") > 0 or

instr(1,titleStr,"HTTP 404") > 0 Then

        msg = msg & "==> broken link" & vbNewLine

        Reporter.ReportEvent micFail, "Link " & linkText, msg

    else

        msg = msg & "==> good link" & vbNewLine

        Reporter.ReportEvent micPass, "Link " & linkText, msg

    End If

    ' Navigate back to links page.

    BrowserObj.Back

    BrowserObj.Sync

     Rebuild link collection, navigating away and back destroys previous collection.

    Set oLinkCollection = BrowserPageObj.ChildObjects(oDesc)

Next

 ‘Release the objects

Set oLinkCollection = nothing

Set BrowserObj = nothing

Set BrowserPageObj = nothing

Set oDesc = nothing

47.How many ways to configure the application in QTP,Explain Answer
Two Ways:

1)Invoke Application "Complete Patth of the application"

2)Systemutil.Run "Complete Patth of the application"

48.How can i select multiple values from drop down list using vb script in qtp? and what is the script for clicking msg box automatically with a specific time.

object.ExtendSelect Item -> This you can use to select multiple items from a drop down list.

Ex: 

'The following example uses the ExtendSelect method to select multiple, non-consecutive items in a list. 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList("Entrees").Select "Hamburger" 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList

("Entrees").ExtendSelect "ChickenSandwich" 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList("Entrees").ExtendSelect "HotDog"

 

 

49.There are 4 webpages in an application, in third page there is one cancel button i want to click that cancel button only, how can I click that cancel buttton ? Answer

First navigate to the page by writing the following code

Sysyemutil.Run "iexplore","Url of the page"

Browser("BrowserName").Page("PageName").Webbutton

("Cancel").click

50.How many scripts r there in QTP? pls any answer this question? Answer
only VB Script IS being used, But you can also use JavaScript, XML etc. It is depend upon the Technology that you are using.

51.What is the use of VIRTUAL OBJECTS? explain ? Answer

Whatever objects that QTP cannot recognize in our application are called non-standard objects or virtual objects. Here most of the time QTP doest not identify the objects because of improper add-ins or if the objects are advanced controls.In your application, these virtual objects may behave like a standard objects. In this scenario we can map these virtual objects to standard objects by using Virtual Object Wizard.To make non standard object into standard object just follow the below navigation:

Tools -> Virtual Objects -> New Virtual Object -> read the description and click next -> Assign the class to the object (means how this non-standard object is behaving standard 

object) -> click next -> click on mark object button -> use the crosshair pointer and mark your non-standard object -> click next -> choose your configuration in object  configuration dialog -> click next -> Give a name to this virtual object and give collection name -> click finish

The following are restrictions on virtual objects:

1. QuickTest does not support virtual objects for analog or 

low-level recording.

2. The Web page or application window must be the same size 

and in the same position when recording and running tests s 

as it was when you defined the virtual object.

3. You cannot insert any type of checkpoint on a virtual 

object.

4. The virtual object should not overlap other virtual 

objects in your application or Web page.

5. You can define virtual objects only for objects on which 

you can click or double-click and which record a Click or 

DblClick step. Otherwise, the virtual object is ignored.

 

52.How many types of Recordings are there in QTP and what are they? Answer
Three types of recording modes:

1) Normal or context sensitive: It is default recording mode. script is captured based on window or screen area cooridinates & all objects are identified based on their 

class type

2)Analog Recording: It is a high level recording mode, only one line of script is generated for the entire record. By default it is disabled. In order to perform analog 

recording, start normal recording & then go to Automation (menu bar) and select analog recording. while recording script is generated  based on desktop co-ordinates.

3)Low Level Recording: Script is generated based on the window or screen co-ordinates. All the objects are identified as window objects. It would be difficult to enhance the script. In this recording, mouse clicks are captured. By default it is disabled. First start normal recording and then goto automation and select low level recording.  

Is

53.Function to convert lowercase to uppercase in QTP .

txt="have a nice day"

t1=ucase(txt)

msgbox(t1)

o/p: HAVE A NICE DAY.

 

54.What kind of errors can b handled in QTP in real time scenario? Answer

1)      Pop-up Window

2)      Object state

3)      Test run error

4)      Application Crash

 

55.What is the difference between functional spec. and Business requirement specification? Answer
FS:Fs will be prepared by system analyst, implement SRS in prepare of FS .in which covers what is the functions are developed and systems used SRS:given by client ,this for to capture the business logics for software

 

56.How to export QTP results to an .xls file? Answer

It is not possible to Export the Results Directly into 

Excel File,but it is possible to Export the Results into 

Runtime Datatable.

EX:

datatable.AddSheet "venu"

datatable.DeleteSheet "Global"

datatable.DeleteSheet "Action1"

datatable.ImportSheet "C:\Documents and 

Settings\Administrator\Desktop\Mallik.xls",1,"venu"

For i=1 to 9

               datatable.SetCurrentRow(i)

systemutil.Run "C:\Program Files\Mercury 

Interactive\QuickTest 

Professional\samples\flight\app\flight4a.exe"

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set datatable

("A","venu")

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").Set datatable

("B","venu")

Dialog("Login").WinButton("OK").Click

Window("Flight Reservation").WinMenu

("Menu").Select "File;Open Order..."

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open 

Order").WinCheckBox("Order No.").Set "ON"

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open Order").WinEdit

("Edit_2").Set datatable("C","venu")

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open Order").WinButton

("OK").Click

x = Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit

("Name:").GetVisibleText()

Datatable("D","venu")=x

Window("Flight Reservation").Close

Next

Results:x values will be Printed into Runtime Datatatable 

in D column

 

57. Send keys concept Answer

Send Keys: Sends one or more keystrokes to the active 

window.

There are two types of Sendkeys are available in QTP.

1. Sendkeys Method(CustomServerBase)

2. Sendkeys Method(IMICDeviceReplay)

 

58.Can we call a test in another test? Answer

yes u can but u have to make it that action reusable action

 

59.What are the common roles and responsibilities of a Automation Test engineer Answer
Roles:

1)Check out the feasibilty of the application that needs to

be automated

2) Create an automation test plan

3) Create the Automation test cases

4) Choose the correct framework that needs to be used 

5) Create the scripts 

6) Execute the scpipts 

7) Analyse the results 

8) Report the issues