2.QTP QUESTIONS FOR INTERVIEW

1.Navigation for merging of object repositories in QTP 8.2 Answer
 In Qtp 8.2 there is no any option for merging .     

So, we use the Quick Plus tool for merging of  OR, But in       

Qtp9.2 or 9.0 having the option like associate 

2 .How can you write a script without using GUI in QTP? Answer

We can Write the Script using without Object repository or

 GUI objects, that is "Descriptive Programming" here we can

 define an object with all properties.

3.How to load the *.vbs (or) test generating script in a new machine? Answer

Actually we load .vbs files into Qtp with the following 

option filesmenu-->Settings-->ResourceTab-->Press '+' 

symbol, then we get some Browse button press and navigate 

the path of that .vbsfile then its automatically load in system when u need any function from that file, simple u Call Call functionName 'any where in the script

4. How to add run-time parameter to a datasheet? Answer
a = Datatable.GetSheet("SheetNmae").GetParameterCount

If a = "" Then

b = inputbox ("Enter the no.of columns")

For i = 1 to b

   Datatable.GetSheet("sheetname").AddParameter         

("paraname","paravalue")

Next

End If

5.How do you run scripts in QTP?
we run scripts in qtp through execution grid and ) Once a tester has run a test, a TestFusion report displays all aspects of the test run: a high-level results overview, an

expandable Tree View of the test

6.What is the use of descriptive programming? Answer
You dont have to use the Object repository can write scripts using the Scenarios,

u don’t have to wait for the application to come.

We can go for descriptive programming in the following

situations

1).When application under test (AUT) is not ready. But if we the objects and their properties then we can prepare the script

2).If same type of objects present in multiple pages then it is difficult to maintain object repository then also we can go for descriptive programming.

ex: window("flightreservation")winedit("userid").set "siva"

with the above example it will go to identify the userid 

edit box using OR

and where as in Discriptive programming.

window("attachedtext:flightreservation")winedit

("attachedtext:userid",.......(no of values to 

identify).set"siva"

7. what is descriptive programming? Answer

Descriptive programing is nothing but without using the objectRepositary we are writing the script for the functionality.

Suppose we have a web application that has not been developed yet.Now QTP for recording the script and adding the objects to repository needs the application to be up, 

that would mean waiting for the application to be deployed 

before we can start of with making QTP scripts. But if we 

know the descriptions of the objects that will be created 

then we can still start off with the script writing for 

testing.

8.Which checkpoint we use to validate yahoo login screen window after login with ur id and password in qtp Answer

You should use standard check point to login and passward and page checkpoint for the login window.

9.How to connect to the Database from QTP? Answer

Through scripting this is way to connect the database

Example:-

set conn=Createobject("ADODB.Connection") 

Srvname="Driver={Microsoft ODBC for 

Oracle}:Server=DBserver,UID=Sa,Password=sa" 

conn.open Srvname 

Set Rec = CreateObject("ADODB.Recordset") 

SQL="select * from Users" 

Rec.open SQL ,conn 

Username=Rec.fields("employee name") 

Msgbox Username

Microsoft ADO (ActiveX Data Objects) is a Component object 

model object for accessing data sources.The ADO Recordset 

object is used to hold a set of records from a database 

table. A Recordset object consist of records and columns 

(fields).

In ADO, this object is the most important and the one used 

most often to manipulate data from a database.

Srvname is a connection string.if u already installed 

oracle in your system..using that path u can connect oracle 

database...if u dont have oracle give the connection string 

path..whatever connection string created used in database 

checkpoint by 

default...Example:DSN=QT_Flight32;DBQ=C:\Program 

Files\Mercury Interactive\QuickTest 

Professional\samples\flight\app\flight32.mdb;Driver=C:\WINDO

WS\system32\odbcjt32.dll;DriverId=281;FIL=MS 

Access;MaxBufferSize=2048;PageTimeout=5;

10. What is object spy Answer

Object spy is used to view physical or standard properties

of object in an open oplication.

11.What is the vb script when the url enter into the browser .

Browser Object.navigate "URL"

Ex: Browser("browser").navigate www.yahoomail.com

 12.How to invoke the web application through script in qtp Answer

Systemutil.Run("iexplore")

Set vBrowser=Browser("Creationtime:=0")

vBrowser.navigate("Url of your application for example:

"gmail.com" ")

Description:

This is descriptive programming code, this code first will

open the "Internet Explorer" and then will put your given

"url" to the browser automatically.

Second methods we can create IEexplore object and pass the URL.

set Browser =createobject("InternetExplorer")

Browser.visible =True

13 Defect Age: The duration between the defect found and closed.

14.What are the disadvantages of qtp? can Linux support qtp9.2? how could get web address through vbscript? Answer

Dis Adv:

1.QTP takes very long to open the tests and 100% CPU utilization is necessary

2.QTP scripts are heavy and stored into Xml files

Linux and Unix will not support in QTP.

15. What type of bugs u commonly find in u r project?

This is a general question in an interview. Would vary depending on what application you have worked in previous projects.

            Few examples

            -data not appearing

            -text not correct

            -disabled objects

            -not able to navigate to other screens

            -unexpected error messages

            -Cosmetic errors on the screen, like overlapping of images or text boxes

            -numeric values not stored properly in the database

16. What is agile testing explain with example?   www.io.com/~wazmo/papers/agile_testing_20021015.pdf

17. Application is given req n functionality r missing then how can u start testing?

When both the requirement and functionality are missing in the application: What is required has not been developed correctly. When you start testing all your test cases will fail. It would result in many bugs.

18. What r the types of defect tracking tools?

Here are Different kinds of Defect tracking tools in the market. Each is different in its own way.Some are designed in a way to be compatible with few applications.There are many Vendors who are developing tracking tools to cater the applications that they develop.Most common ones that you hear and I have worked with      Mercury Quality center or Test Director,Jira,OnTime Below is the list for many more defect tracking tools http://www.aptest.com/bugtrack.html

19. What is functionality testing?

Functionality testing is done to verify whether the product meets the intended specifications and functional requirements laid out in your development documentation or Business documentation.

20.What is change request, how u use it?

Change Request: A change request is a document containing a call for an adjustment of a current system. When a project has started and crosses the Analysis Phase and the coding has started. At this phase if the business has changes in the initial requirement. Then it has to be raised as a change request. Depending on the change, the change request can be taken up as a minor enhancement and can run parallel to the project, which covers all the SDLC phases.

 

21. Where do u store test cases?

Every company has a different approach to store the test cases. Few use the Tacking tools, where there is an option to have the test cases. Best example Mercury Quality centre, we store the test cases in Test Plan. Smaller organizations, maintain a standard folder structure for different projects.   They can store them in an excel spread sheets.

22.In which situations qtp will not recognize objects?

Few situations when QTP will not recognize objects:

            -when more than one object has the same name

            -when the object is misspell

            -when the application session expires and QTP still

Trying to looking for the object, shows a message that it cannot recognize the object.

23.At what stage u start automation in u r project?

For a developing application, when the code is completed and ready to test we can start the automation in the project.   If it’s already used functionality in the application, and undergoing basic changes then the automation can start.From start, once the design documents or the functional designs are completed.

24.Use of virtual objects explain?

Virtual objects enable you to create and run tests on objects that are not normally recognized by QuickTest. Your application may contain objects that behave like standard objects but are not recognized by QuickTest..You can define these objects as virtual objects and map them to standard classes, such as a button or a check box.       QuickTest emulates the user's action on the virtual object during the run session.In the test results, the virtual object is displayed as though it is a standard class object. For example, suppose you want to test a Web page containing a bitmap that the user clicks.The bitmap contains several different hyperlink areas, and each area opens a different destination page. When you create the test, the Web site matches the coordinates of the click on the bitmap and opens the destination page. To enable QuickTest to click at the required coordinates during a run session, you can define a virtual object for an area of the bitmap,which includes those coordinates, and map it to the button class. When you run the test, QuickTest clicks the bitmap in the area defined as a virtual object so that the Web site opens the correct destination page.

25.Can we do qtp testing with out creating objects in object repository? can we completely write code in expert view only?

     

Yes, you can create test scripts with out recording the objects in the OR. But this would depend on what kind of script ur developing. This would be very limited .opening an application can be done without any objects ,But if u want to test a whole application, it is very difficult to write test scripts without recording.

Yes, you can write code using the expert view

26.Where we can do automation testing? give example using   is a advantage  & disadvantage?

Application is not compatible with the Automation tool. Application is coded in such a manner that the tool takes more time to recognize the objects .If creating test scripts or automating the process is costing more to the project then we opt not to automate.

  27. What is the difference between gettoproperty and settoproperty?Explain with an example?

gettoproperty are the standard test object properties that do not change during run time...In short Property whose value is retrieved from the object description. 

ObjectCount = Browser("Demo of Vo Object").Page("Demo of Vo 

Object").ActiveX("VoDemoFormX").DROPDOWN

("FLIGHTS").GetTOProperty("itemscount") 

SETOPROPERTY - Modifying Test Object Properties during a Run Session  

CHANGING THE NAME 

Browser("Demo of Vo Object").Page("Demo of Vo 

Object").ActiveX("VoDemoFormX").VirtualButton

("button").SetTOProperty "Name", 0

28.Which object repository we use in real time and can we merge 2 object repostiory and how? Answer
There are usually two  types of object repository

1.Shared Mode (.Tsr)

2.Per-Action.  (.Mtr)

We usually use 1.Shared Mode (.Tsr)object repository.

We can merge two object repository.If you go to 

QTP-->Test-->Settings-->Resourses

You can use the Resources tab of the Test Settings dialog box to associate specific files with your test, such as VBScript library files and Data Table files, and to specify the object repository mode and file to use for your test.

29.What is descriptive.create()in qtp? Answer

To create properties collection and we can create properties object(MYDescription).once we have filled properties collection with a  set of properties objects(properties,values) we can specify properties object in place of an obj name.

29.Give me exact application where we should use low level recording? Answer

Disadvantage of low level recording is: it takes more disk space than Normal recording....

especially used when we need the exact mouse positioning movement...

30.How do you do database testing in qtp Answer

we use database checkpoints to do database testing in qtp. database checkpoints in a test  ensure that the application successfully retrieves or inserts data into a database.

31.What is the size of object repository using in your company?Answer

In 8.2 verisons the size of OR is 2 MB, but in 9.2 and above versions of QTP there is no limit or 64 mb.

32.How can we encrypt the username using recording mode in login window? There is 2 encrypted types what are it Answer

Methods for Encryption in QTP are as follows

1)SetSecure method -used only for TextBox object like WinEdit/WebEdit etc...

E.g:Browser("test").Page("test").WebEdit

("test1").SetSecure "1HG76BHGJ89sd8Jkl9hjs988dsnjsk" 'encryp

tedtext

2)Crypt.Encrypt(valueToBeEncripted)

E.g: var_Value = Crypt.Encrypt("Tester")

Methods usage in Test Script

E.g:

pwd = "GetPasswordfromSomewhere" 

e_pwd = Crypt.Encrypt(pwd) 

Browser("dfgd").Dialog("pass").WinEdit("pwd").SetSecure e_pwd

33.What is the object properties settings in the QTP Answer

Object properties settings means to see whether the particular object selected is enabled.disabled,focused,etc

34.How can I execute my scripts through client machine which is not having QTP installation .

It is not possible, because without having QTP installed on the client machine, how can we run the QTP ? 

35.Will QTP accepts javascript? Answer
The add-ins are included so that QTP can recognize certain objects.  Java add-in enables QTP to be able to identify JAVA objects and use corresponding methods; similarly .NET

add-in helps QTP to identify .NET objects.  A .NET window is identified as swfWindow and not WinObject or Window Object. Will QTP accept Javascript would mean - can you make QTP identify objects, perform tasks like entering data in edit box, click buttons, etc. using JavaScript.

Answer is YES. 

Quote from a documentation

"You can write your QuickTest automation programs in any language and development environment that supports automation. For example, you can use: VBScript, JavaScript,

Visual Basic, Visual C++, or Visual Studio.NET."

36.How to create folder on the desktop from QTP??

set a=createobject("scripting.filesystemobject")

set b=a.createfolder(Path of the folder)

37.Can u please explain what r the challenges u faced in ur automation testing

one of the challenges using automation testing are the available data in the testing environment. Once your scripts are already  placed and just need to execute them, data should be available and re-usable at the same time.

38.What is the abbreviation of .mtr in action repository? Answer

modular test repository

39.Wht are the BY default Add-ins in QTP 9.2 version and what all are differences between 8.2 and 9.2 Answer

Difference between qtp8.2 and qtp9.2

Over and above features provided with QTP 9.0 , QTP 9.2 provides following features:

Mercury Screen Recorder :

Capture your entire run session in a movie clip or capture only the segments with errors, and then view your movie fromthe Test Results window.

Dynamic Management of Object Repositories:

QuickTest now has a new RepositoriesCollection reserved object that you can use to programmatically manage the set of object repositories that are associated with an action

during a run session. 

Over and above features provided with QTP 8.2 , QTP 9.0 provides following features:

Object Repository Manager:

You can use the Object Repository Manager to manage all of the shared object repositories in your organization from one, central location. This includes adding and defining objects, modifying objects and their descriptions, parameterizing test object property values, maintaining and organizing repositories, and importing and exporting

repositories in XML format. You can open multiple object repositories at the same time.

Each object repository opens in its own resizable document window. This enables you to compare the content of the repositories, to copy or move objects from one object repository to another, and so forth.

Object Repository Merge Tool:

You can use the Object Repository Merge Tool to merge the objects from two shared object repositories into a single shared object repository. You can also use the Object

Repository Merge Tool to merge objects from the local object repository of one or more actions or components into a shared object repository. When you merge objects from two source object repositories,the content is copied to a new, target object repository,

ensuring that the information in the source repositories  remains unchanged. 

If any conflicts occur during the merge, for example, if two objects have the same name and test object class, but different test object descriptions, the relevant objects are

highlighted in the source repositories, and the Resolution Options pane details the conflict and possible resolutions.

Multiple Object Repositories per Action or Component:

QuickTest provides several options for storing and accessing test objects. You can store the test objects for each action or component in its corresponding local object repository,

which is unique for each action and component. You can also store test objects in one or more shared object repositories that can be used in multiple actions and components.

Alternatively, you can use a combination of objects from the local object repository and one or more shared object repositories. You choose the combination that matches your

testing needs.

XML Object Repository Format:

QuickTest now enables you to import and export object repositories from and to XML format. This enables you to modify object repositories using the XML editor of your

choice and then import them back into QuickTest. You can import and export files either from and to the file system or a Quality Center project (if QuickTest is connected to

Quality Center).

Function Library Editor: 

QuickTest now has a built-in function library editor, which enables you to create and edit function libraries containing VBScript functions, subroutines, modules, and so forth, and

then call their functions from your test or component.

Handling Missing Actions and Resources: 

Whenever a testing document (test, component, or application area) contains a resource that cannot be found, QuickTest opens the Missing Resources pane and lists the missing

resource(s). For example, a test may contain an action or a call to an action that cannot be found; a testing document may use a shared object repository that cannot be found; or

a testing document may use a object repository parameter that does not have a default value. In all of these cases, QuickTest indicates this in the Missing Resources pane,

enabling you to map a missing resource to an existing one,or remove it from the testing document, as required.  

40.An objects recognized without repository? Answer

Yes U can use Descriptive Programming where object Repository is not necessary..

41.What is the difference between Reusable action and external action? Answer

Reusable Action: we can call this action in between Actions in Test and also in between Tests. we can call this action in two ways 

1. Call copy of Action 

2. Call to Existing Action.

External Action(if it is not reusable action in test): this action we cann't call in another Tests by using Call to Exisiting Action. But we can call this external Action to another tests by using Call to Copy Action.

42.What is a Web Table? Answer

The table which is maintained in a webserver to insert the data transactions made by the user, which is in a tabular form. for ex: the transactions of userid and pwd of a particular user.

43.What is object identification? Answer

While we are recording the operation on application qtp tries to captures the properties to identify uniquely. first and foremost it concentrate on mandatory properties to identify the objects uniquely, if it is not possible it concentrates on assistive properties to identify uniquely and if it is also not possible, it capture the ordinal identifier like index, location, creation time. and store it in a file, it is called object repository file. Using this qtp will identifies the objects or windows.

44.How to test login page by using QTP Answer

Assuming its an web based application :

1) Invoke the application thru your browser

2) Add objects to OR

3) You can next copy this current action to another one, 

can do that by using " Copy the existing Action "

4) In expert view u have 2 actions

5) The first action in keyword view, should be like this :

if ( Browser(..).Page(..).exist) then

{

type what do u wanna do in ur login page ;

}

else

In the action column of keyword view for second action,

choose "Activate".

In your expert view , it will look like this.

{

Browser(..).Page(..).Activate

// rest of the statements.

}

Next u can check for Username and passwords fields, 

Handling the negative scenarios also.

45.User defined function in QTP

User defined functions are encapsulation of segments of code which is used several times in the script.They can be either within the QTP script or can be maintained in external .VBS or .TXT files

 

46.Give me some scripts for 1). checking webpage links (counting links,opening web pages,counting child elements) Answer

' Create object references to the Browser and Page objects.

Set BrowserObj =Browser("Yahoo!")

Set BrowserPageObj = Browser("Yahoo!").Page("Yahoo!")

' Set a description object to identify links.

Set oDesc = Description.Create()

oDesc("html tag").Value = "A"

' Get a collection of links

Set oLinkCollection = BrowserPageObj.ChildObjects(oDesc)

ItemCnt = oLinkCollection.Count-1

' Loop through the link collection

For i = 0 to ItemCnt

    msg = ""

    ' Highlight and click link i.

    Set oLink = oLinkCollection.Item(i)

    oLink.Highlight

    linkText = oLink.GetROProperty("innertext")

    msg = "link text = " & linkText & vbNewLine

    oLink.Click

    BrowserObj.Sync

    ' Read page title.

    titleStr = mid(BrowserPageObj.GetROProperty("title"),1,50)

    msg = msg & "page title = " & titleStr & vbNewLine

    ' Check if page load had error.

    If instr(1,titleStr,"Cannot find server") > 0 or

instr(1,titleStr,"HTTP 404") > 0 Then

        msg = msg & "==> broken link" & vbNewLine

        Reporter.ReportEvent micFail, "Link " & linkText, msg

    else

        msg = msg & "==> good link" & vbNewLine

        Reporter.ReportEvent micPass, "Link " & linkText, msg

    End If

    ' Navigate back to links page.

    BrowserObj.Back

    BrowserObj.Sync

     Rebuild link collection, navigating away and back destroys previous collection.

    Set oLinkCollection = BrowserPageObj.ChildObjects(oDesc)

Next

 ‘Release the objects

Set oLinkCollection = nothing

Set BrowserObj = nothing

Set BrowserPageObj = nothing

Set oDesc = nothing

47.How many ways to configure the application in QTP,Explain Answer
Two Ways:

1)Invoke Application "Complete Patth of the application"

2)Systemutil.Run "Complete Patth of the application"

48.How can i select multiple values from drop down list using vb script in qtp? and what is the script for clicking msg box automatically with a specific time.

object.ExtendSelect Item -> This you can use to select multiple items from a drop down list.

Ex: 

'The following example uses the ExtendSelect method to select multiple, non-consecutive items in a list. 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList("Entrees").Select "Hamburger" 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList

("Entrees").ExtendSelect "ChickenSandwich" 

Browser("FastFoodHaven").Page("KidsMeals").JavaApplet

("Foodlist").JavaList("Entrees").ExtendSelect "HotDog"

 

 

49.There are 4 webpages in an application, in third page there is one cancel button i want to click that cancel button only, how can I click that cancel buttton ? Answer

First navigate to the page by writing the following code

Sysyemutil.Run "iexplore","Url of the page"

Browser("BrowserName").Page("PageName").Webbutton

("Cancel").click

50.How many scripts r there in QTP? pls any answer this question? Answer
only VB Script IS being used, But you can also use JavaScript, XML etc. It is depend upon the Technology that you are using.

51.What is the use of VIRTUAL OBJECTS? explain ? Answer

Whatever objects that QTP cannot recognize in our application are called non-standard objects or virtual objects. Here most of the time QTP doest not identify the objects because of improper add-ins or if the objects are advanced controls.In your application, these virtual objects may behave like a standard objects. In this scenario we can map these virtual objects to standard objects by using Virtual Object Wizard.To make non standard object into standard object just follow the below navigation:

Tools -> Virtual Objects -> New Virtual Object -> read the description and click next -> Assign the class to the object (means how this non-standard object is behaving standard 

object) -> click next -> click on mark object button -> use the crosshair pointer and mark your non-standard object -> click next -> choose your configuration in object  configuration dialog -> click next -> Give a name to this virtual object and give collection name -> click finish

The following are restrictions on virtual objects:

1. QuickTest does not support virtual objects for analog or 

low-level recording.

2. The Web page or application window must be the same size 

and in the same position when recording and running tests s 

as it was when you defined the virtual object.

3. You cannot insert any type of checkpoint on a virtual 

object.

4. The virtual object should not overlap other virtual 

objects in your application or Web page.

5. You can define virtual objects only for objects on which 

you can click or double-click and which record a Click or 

DblClick step. Otherwise, the virtual object is ignored.

 

52.How many types of Recordings are there in QTP and what are they? Answer
Three types of recording modes:

1) Normal or context sensitive: It is default recording mode. script is captured based on window or screen area cooridinates & all objects are identified based on their 

class type

2)Analog Recording: It is a high level recording mode, only one line of script is generated for the entire record. By default it is disabled. In order to perform analog 

recording, start normal recording & then go to Automation (menu bar) and select analog recording. while recording script is generated  based on desktop co-ordinates.

3)Low Level Recording: Script is generated based on the window or screen co-ordinates. All the objects are identified as window objects. It would be difficult to enhance the script. In this recording, mouse clicks are captured. By default it is disabled. First start normal recording and then goto automation and select low level recording.  

Is

53.Function to convert lowercase to uppercase in QTP .

txt="have a nice day"

t1=ucase(txt)

msgbox(t1)

o/p: HAVE A NICE DAY.

 

54.What kind of errors can b handled in QTP in real time scenario? Answer

1)      Pop-up Window

2)      Object state

3)      Test run error

4)      Application Crash

 

55.What is the difference between functional spec. and Business requirement specification? Answer
FS:Fs will be prepared by system analyst, implement SRS in prepare of FS .in which covers what is the functions are developed and systems used SRS:given by client ,this for to capture the business logics for software

 

56.How to export QTP results to an .xls file? Answer

It is not possible to Export the Results Directly into 

Excel File,but it is possible to Export the Results into 

Runtime Datatable.

EX:

datatable.AddSheet "venu"

datatable.DeleteSheet "Global"

datatable.DeleteSheet "Action1"

datatable.ImportSheet "C:\Documents and 

Settings\Administrator\Desktop\Mallik.xls",1,"venu"

For i=1 to 9

               datatable.SetCurrentRow(i)

systemutil.Run "C:\Program Files\Mercury 

Interactive\QuickTest 

Professional\samples\flight\app\flight4a.exe"

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set datatable

("A","venu")

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").Set datatable

("B","venu")

Dialog("Login").WinButton("OK").Click

Window("Flight Reservation").WinMenu

("Menu").Select "File;Open Order..."

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open 

Order").WinCheckBox("Order No.").Set "ON"

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open Order").WinEdit

("Edit_2").Set datatable("C","venu")

Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Open Order").WinButton

("OK").Click

x = Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit

("Name:").GetVisibleText()

Datatable("D","venu")=x

Window("Flight Reservation").Close

Next

Results:x values will be Printed into Runtime Datatatable 

in D column

 

57. Send keys concept Answer

Send Keys: Sends one or more keystrokes to the active 

window.

There are two types of Sendkeys are available in QTP.

1. Sendkeys Method(CustomServerBase)

2. Sendkeys Method(IMICDeviceReplay)

 

58.Can we call a test in another test? Answer

yes u can but u have to make it that action reusable action

 

59.What are the common roles and responsibilities of a Automation Test engineer Answer
Roles:

1)Check out the feasibilty of the application that needs to

be automated

2) Create an automation test plan

3) Create the Automation test cases

4) Choose the correct framework that needs to be used 

5) Create the scripts 

6) Execute the scpipts 

7) Analyse the results 

8) Report the issues

1.QTP QUESTIONS FOR INTERVIEW

 

 

1.How Does Run time data (Parameterization) is handled in QTP?
. You can then enter test data into the Data Table, an integrated Spreadsheet with the full functionality of Excel, to manipulate data Sets and create multiple test iterations, without programming, to Expand test case coverage. Data can be typed in or imported from Databases, spreadsheets, or text files. 

2) What is keyword view and Expert view in QTP?
A) Quick Test’s Keyword Driven approach, test automation experts Have full access to the underlying test and object properties, via an integrated scripting and debugging environment that is round-trip synchronized with the Keyword View.
Advanced testers can view and edit their tests in the Expert View, which reveals the underlying industry-standard VBScript that Quick Test Professional automatically generates. Any changes made in the Expert View are automatically synchronized with the KeywordView.

3) Explain about the Test Fusion Report of QTP?
A) Once a tester has run a test, a TestFusion report displays all aspects of the test run: a high-level results overview, an expandable Tree View of the test specifying exactly where application failures occurred, the test data used, application screen shots for every step that highlight any discrepancies, and detailed explanations of each checkpoint pass and failure. By combining TestFusion reports with QuickTest Professional, you can share reports across an entire QA and development team.

4) To which environments does a QTP support?
A) QuickTest Professional supports functional testing of all enterprise environments, including Windows, Web, NET, Java/J2EE, SAP, Siebel, Oracle, PeopleSoft, Visual Basic, ActiveX, mainframe terminal emulators, and Web services.

5) What is QTP?
A) QuickTest is a graphical interface record-playback automation tool. It is able to work with any web, java or windows client application. Quick Test enables you to test standard web objects and ActiveX controls. In addition to these environments, QuickTest Professional also enables you to test Java applets and applications and multimedia objects on Applications as well as standard Windows applications, Visual Basic 6 applications and .NET framework applications.

6) Explain QTP testing process?
A) The QuickTest testing process consists of 6 main phases:

1. Create your test plan: Prior to automating there should be a detailed description of the test including the exact steps to follow, data to be input, and all items to be verified by the test. The verification information should include both data validations and existence or state verifications of objects in the application.

2. Recording a session on your application: As you navigate through your application, QuickTest graphically displays each step you perform in the form of a collapsible icon-based test tree . A step is any user action that causes or makes a change in your site, such as clicking a link or image, or entering data in a form.

3. Enhancing your test: Inserting checkpoints into your test lets you search for a specific value of a page, object or text string, which helps you identify whether or not your application is functioning correctly.

NOTE: Checkpoints can be added to a test as you record it or after the fact via the Active Screen. It is much easier and faster to add the checkpoints during the recording process.

Broadening the scope of your test by replacing fixed values with parameters lets you check how your application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data. Adding logic and conditional statements to your test enables you to add sophisticated checks to your test.

4. Debugging your test: If changes were made to the script, you need to debug it to check that it operates smoothly and without interruption.

5. Running your test on a new version of your application: You run a test to check the behavior of your application. While running, QuickTest connects to your application and performs each step in your test.

6. Analyzing the test results: You examine the test results to pinpoint defects in your application.

7. Reporting defects: As you encounter failures in the application when analyzing test results, you will create defect reports in Defect Reporting Tool.

7) Explain the QTP Tool interface.

A) It contains the following key elements:

- Title bar, displaying the name of the currently open test

- Menu bar, displaying menus of QuickTest commands

- File toolbar, containing buttons to assist you in managing tests

- Test toolbar, containing buttons used while creating and maintaining tests

- Debug toolbar, containing buttons used while debugging tests.

Note: The Debug toolbar is not displayed when you open QuickTest for the first time. You can display the Debug toolbar by choosing View > Toolbars > Debug.

- Action toolbar, containing buttons and a list of actions, enabling you to view the details of an individual action or the entire test flow.

Note: The Action toolbar is not displayed when you open QuickTest for the first time. You can display the Action toolbar by choosing View > Toolbars > Action. If you insert a reusable or external action in a test, the Action toolbar is displayed automatically.

- Test pane, containing two tabs to view your test-the Tree View and the Expert View Test Details pane, containing the Active Screen.

- Data Table, containing two tabs, Global and Action, to assist you in parameterizing your test Debug Viewer pane, containing three tabs to assist you in debugging your test-Watch Expressions, Variables, and Command. (The Debug Viewer pane can be opened only when a test run pauses at a breakpoint.)

- Status bar, displaying the status of the test.

8) How QTP recognizes Objects in AUT?
A) QuickTest stores the definitions for application objects in a file called the Object Repository. As you record your test, QuickTest will add an entry for each item you interact with. Each Object Repository entry will be identified by a logical name (determined automatically by QuickTest), and will contain a set of properties (type, name, etc) that uniquely identify each object.

Each line in the QuickTest script will contain a reference to the object that you interacted with, a call to the appropriate method (set, click, check) and any parameters for that method (such as the value for a call to the set method). The references to objects in the script will all be identified by the logical name, rather than any physical, descriptive properties.

9) What are the types of Object Repository’s in QTP?
A) QuickTest has two types of object repositories for storing object information: shared object repositories and action object repositories. You can choose which type of object repository you want to use as the default type for new tests, and you can change the default as necessary for each new test.

The object repository per-action mode is the default setting. In this mode, QuickTest automatically creates an object repository file for each action in your test so that you can create and run tests without creating, choosing, or modifying object repository files. However, if you do modify values in an action object repository, your changes do not have any effect on other actions. Therefore, if the same test object exists in more than one action and you modify an object's property values in one action, you may need to make the same change in every action (and any test) containing the object.

10) Explain the check points in QTP?

A). A checkpoint verifies that expected information is displayed in a Application while the test is running. You can add eight types of checkpoints to your test for standard web objects using QTP.

- A page checkpoint checks the characteristics of a Application.
- A text checkpoint checks that a text string is displayed in the appropriate place on a Application.
- An object checkpoint (Standard) checks the values of an object on a Application.
- An image checkpoint checks the values of an image on a Application.
- A table checkpoint checks information within a table on a Application.
- An Accessibility checkpoint checks the web page for Section 508 compliance.
- An XML checkpoint checks the contents of individual XML data files or XML documents that are part of your Web application.
- Adatabase checkpoint checks the contents of databases accessed by your web site.

11) In how many ways we can add check points to an application using QTP. A) We can add checkpoints while recording the application or we can add after recording is completed using Active screen

(Note : To perform the second one The Active screen must be enabled while recording).

12) How does QTP identifies the object in the application?
A) QTP identifies the object in the application by Logical Name and Class.

13) If an application name is changes frequently i.e while recording it has name "Window1" and then while running its "Windows2" in this case how does QTP handles?

A) QTP handles those situations using "Regular Expressions".

14)What is Parameterizing Tests?
A) When you test your application, you may want to check how it performs the same operations with multiple sets of data. For example, suppose you want to check how your application responds to ten separate sets of data. You could record ten separate tests, each with its own set of data. Alternatively, you can create a parameterized test that runs ten times: each time the test runs, it uses a different set of data.

15) What is test object model in QTP?
A) The test object model is a large set of object types or classes that QuickTest uses to represent the objects in your application. Each test object class has a list of properties that can uniquely identify objects of that class and a set of relevant methods that QuickTest can record for it.

A test object is an object that QuickTest creates in the test or component to represent the actual object in your application. QuickTest stores information about the object that will help it identify and check the object during the run session.
A run-time object is the actual object in your Web site or application on which methods are performed during the run session.

When you perform an operation on your application while recording, QuickTest identifies the test object class that represents the object on which you performed the operation and creates the appropriate test object reads the current value of the object's properties in your application and stores the list of properties and values with the test object chooses a unique name for the object, generally using the value of one of its prominent properties records the operation that you performed on the object using the appropriate QuickTest test object method. For example, suppose you click on a Find button with the following HTML source code:



QuickTest identifies the object that you clicked as a WebButton test object. It creates a WebButton object with the name Find, and records the properties and values for the Find WebButton. It also records that you performed a Click method on the WebButton. QuickTest displays your step like this:

Browser("Mercury Interactive").Page("Mercury Interactive").
WebButton("Find").Click

16) What is Object Spy in QTP?
A) Using the Object Spy, you can view the properties of any object in an open application. You use the Object Spy pointer to point to an object. The Object Spy displays the selected object's hierarchy tree and its properties and values in the Properties tab of the Object Spy dialog box.

17) What is the Diff between Image check-point and Bit map Check point?
A) Image checkpoints enable you to check the properties of a Web image. You can check an area of a Web page or application as a bitmap. While creating a test or component, you specify the area you want to check by selecting an object. You can check an entire object or any area within an object. QuickTest captures the specified object as a bitmap, and inserts a checkpoint in the test or component. You can also choose to save only the selected area of the object with your test or component in order to save disk Space

. For example, suppose you have a Web site that can display a map of a city the user specifies. The map has control keys for zooming. You can record the new map that is displayed after one click on the control key that zooms in the map.

Using the bitmap checkpoint, you can check that the map zooms in correctly. You can create bitmap checkpoints for all supported testing environments (as long as the appropriate add-ins is loaded). Note: The results of bitmap checkpoints may be affected by factors such as operating system, screen resolution, and color settings.

18) How many ways we can parameterize data in QTP?

A) There are four types of parameters:

- Test, action or component parameters enable you to use values passed from your test or component, or values from other actions in your test.

- Data Table parameters enable you to create a data-driven test (or action) that runs several times using the data you supply. In each repetition, or iteration, QuickTest uses a different value from the Data Table.

- Environment variable parameters enable you to use variable values from other sources during the run session. These may be values you supply, or values that QuickTest generates for you based on conditions and options you choose.

- Random number parameters enable you to insert random numbers as values in your test or component. For example, to check how your application handles small and large ticket orders, you can have QuickTest generate a random number and insert it in a number of tickets edit field.

19. How do u do batch testing in WR & is it possible to do in QTP, if so explain?
Ans: Batch Testing in WR is nothing but running the whole test set by selecting "Run Testset" from the "Execution Grid". The same is possible with QTP also. If our test cases are automated then by selecting "Run Testset" all the test scripts can be executed. In this process the Scripts get executed one by one by keeping all the remaining scripts in "Waiting" mode.

20. What does it mean when a check point is in red color? what do u do?
Ans : A red color indicates failure. Here we analyze the cause for failure whether it is a Script Issue or Environment Issue or a Application issue.

21. What do you call the window test director - testlab?
Ans : "Execution Grid". It is place from where we Run all Manual / Automated Scripts.

22. How does u create new test sets in TD?

Ans :

- Login to TD.
- Click on "Test Lab" tab.
- Select the Desired folder under which we need to Create the Test Set. (Test Sets can be grouped as per module.)
- Click on "New Test Set or Ctrl+N" Icon to create a Test Set.

23. How do u do batch testing in WR & is it possible to do in QTP, if so explain?
Ans : You can use Test Batch Runner to run several tests in succession. The results for each test are stored in their default location.

Using Test Batch Runner, you can set up a list of tests and save the list as an .mtb file, so that you can easily run the same batch of tests again, at another time. You can also choose to include or exclude a test in your batch list from running during a batch run.

24. How to Import data

from a ".xls" file to Data table during Runtime.

Ans :

- Datatable.Import "...XLS file name..."
- DataTable.ImportSheet(FileName, SheetSource, SheetDest)
- DataTable.ImportSheet "C:\name.xls" ,1 ,"name"

25. How to export data present in Datatable to an ".xls" file?
Ans : DataTable.Export "....xls file name..."

26. Syntax for how to call one script from another and Syntax to call one "Action" in another?
Ans: RunAction ActionName, [IterationMode , IterationRange , Parameters]

Here the actions become reusable on making this call to any Action.
IterationRange String Not always required. Indicates the rows for which action iterations will be performed. Valid only when the IterationMode is rngIterations. Enter the row range (i.e. "1-7"), or enter rngAll to run iterations on all rows.
If the action called by the RunAction statement includes an ExitAction statement, the RunAction statement can return the value of the ExitAction's RetVal argument.

27. How to export QTP results to an ".xls" file?
Ans : By default it creates an "XML" file and displays the results.

28. Differences between QTP & Winrunner?
Ans :

- QTP is object bases Scripting ( VBS) where Winrunner is TSL (C based) Scripting.
- QTP supports ".NET" application Automation not available in Winrunner.
- QTP has "Active Screen" support which captures the application, not available in WR.
- QTP has "Data Table" to store script values , variables which WR does not have.
Using a "point and click" capability you can easily interface with objects, their definitions and create checkpoints after having recorded a script without having to navigate back to that location in your application like you have to with WinRunner. This greatly speeds up script development.

29. How to add a runtime parameter to a datasheet?
Ans: By using LocalSheet property. The following example uses the LocalSheet property to return the local sheet of the run-time Data Table in order to add a parameter (column) to it:

MyParam=DataTable.LocalSheet.AddParameter("Time", "5:45")

30. What scripting language is QTP of?
Ans : VB Script.

31. Analyzing the Checkpoint results
Standard Checkpoint: By adding standard checkpoints to your tests or components, you can compare the expected values of object properties to the object's current values during a run session. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails.

32. Table and DB Checkpoints: By adding table checkpoints to your tests or components, you can check that a specified value is displayed in a cell in a table on your application. By adding database checkpoints to your tests or components, you can check the contents of databases accessed by your application.

The results displayed for table and database checkpoints are similar. When you run your test or component, QuickTest compares the expected results of the checkpoint to the actual results of the run session. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails.

You can check that a specified value is displayed in a cell in a table by adding a table checkpoint to your test or component. For ActiveX tables, you can also check the properties of the table object. To add a table checkpoint, you use the Checkpoint Properties dialog box.

Table checkpoints are supported for Web and ActiveX applications, as well as for a variety of external add-in environments.

You can use database checkpoints in your test or component to check databases accessed by your Web site or application and to detect defects. You define a query on your database, and then you create a database checkpoint that checks the results of the query.

Database checkpoints are supported for all environments supported by QuickTest, by default, as well as for a variety of external add-in environments.

There are two ways to define a database query:

- Use Microsoft Query. You can install Microsoft Query from the custom installation of Microsoft Office.
- Manually define an SQL statement.

The Checkpoint timeout option is available only when creating a table checkpoint. It is not available when creating a database checkpoint.

33. Checking Bitmaps:
A.) You can check an area of a Web page or application as a bitmap. While creating a test or component, you specify the area you want to check by selecting an object. You can check an entire object or any area within an object. QuickTest captures the specified object as a bitmap, and inserts a checkpoint in the test or component. You can also choose to save only the selected area of the object with your test or component in order to save disk space.

When you run the test or component, QuickTest compares the object or selected area of the object currently displayed on the Web page or application with the bitmap stored when the test or component was recorded. If there are differences, QuickTest captures a bitmap of the actual object and displays it with the expected bitmap in the details portion of the Test Results window. By comparing the two bitmaps (expected and actual), you can identify the nature of the discrepancy.

For example, suppose you have a Web site that can display a map of a city the user specifies. The map has control keys for zooming. You can record the new map that is displayed after one click on the control key that zooms in the map. Using the bitmap checkpoint, you can check that the map zooms in correctly.

You can create bitmap checkpoints for all supported testing environments (as long as the appropriate add-ins is loaded).

Note: The results of bitmap checkpoints may be affected by factors such as operating system, screen resolution, and color settings.

34. Text/Text Area Checkpoint: In the Text/Text Area Checkpoint Properties dialog box, you can specify the text to be checked as well as which text is displayed before and after the checked text. These configuration options are particularly helpful when the text string you want to check appears several times or when it could change in a predictable way during run sessions.

Note: In Windows-based environments, if there is more than one line of text selected, the Checkpoint Summary pane displays [complex value] instead of the selected text string. You can then click Configure to view and manipulate the actual selected text for the checkpoint.

QTP automatically displays the Checked Text in red and the text before and after the Checked Text in blue. For text area checkpoints, only the text string captured from the defined area is displayed (Text Before and Text After are not displayed).

To designate parts of the captured string as Checked Text and other parts as Text Before and Text After, click the Configure button. The Configure Text Selection dialog box opens.

35. Checking XML: XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a meta-markup language for text documents that is endorsed as a standard by the W3C. XML makes the complex data structures portable between different computer environments/operating systems and programming languages, facilitating the sharing of data.

XML files contain text with simple tags that describe the data within an XML document. These tags describe the data content, but not the presentation of the data. Applications that display an XML document or file use either Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) or XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) to present the data.

You can verify the data content of XML files by inserting XML checkpoints. A few common uses of XML checkpoints are described below:

- An XML file can be a static data file that is accessed in order to retrieve commonly used data for which a quick response time is needed—for example, country names, zip codes, or area codes. Although this data can change over time, it is normally quite static. You can use an XML file checkpoint to validate that the data has not changed from one application release to another.

- An XML file can consist of elements with attributes and values (character data). There is a parent and child relationship between the elements, and elements can have attributes associated with them. If any part of this structure (including data) changes, your application's ability to process the XML file may be affected. Using an XML checkpoint, you can check the content of an element to make sure that its tags, attributes, and values have not changed.

- XML files are often an intermediary that retrieves dynamically changing data from one system. The data is then accessed by another system using Document Type Definitions (DTD), enabling the accessing system to read and display the information in the file. You can use an XML checkpoint and parameterize the captured data values in order to check an XML document or file whose data changes in a predictable way.

- XML documents and files often need a well-defined structure in order to be portable across platforms and development systems. One way to accomplish this is by developing an XML schema, which describes the structure of the XML elements and data types. You can use schema validation to check that each item of content in an XML file adheres to the schema description of the element in which the content is to be placed.

36. Object Repositories types, which & when to use?
A.) To choose the default object repository mode and the appropriate object repository mode for each test, you need to understand the differences between the two modes. In general, the object repository per-action mode is easiest to use when you are creating simple record and run tests, especially under the following conditions:

- You have only one, or very few, tests that correspond to a given application, interface, or set of objects.

- You do not expect to frequently modify test object properties.

- You generally create single-action tests.

Conversely, the shared object repository mode is generally the preferred mode when:

- You have several tests that test elements of the same application, interface, or set of objects.

- You expect the object properties in your application to change from time to time and/or you regularly need to update or modify test object properties.

- You often work with multi-action tests and regularly use the Insert Copy of Action and Insert Call to Action options.

37. Can we Script any test case with out having Object repository? or Using Object Repository is a must?
Ans: No. U can script with out Object repository by knowing the Window Handlers, spying and recognizing the objects logical names and properties available.

38. How to execute a WinRunner Script in QTP?
Ans :

(a) TSLTest.RunTest TestPath, TestSet [, Parameters ] --> Used in QTP 6.0 used for backward compatibility

Parameters: The test set within Quality Center , in which test runs are stored. Note that this argument is relevant only when working with a test in a Quality Center project. When the test is not saved in Quality Center , this parameter is ignored.
e.g : TSLTest.RunTest "D:\test1", ""

(b) TSLTest.RunTestEx TestPath, RunMinimized, CloseApp [, Parameters ]
TSLTest.RunTestEx "C:\WinRunner\Tests\basic_flight", TRUE, FALSE, "MyValue"
CloseApp : Indicates whether to close the WinRunner application when the WinRunner test run ends.
Parameters : Up to 15 WinRunner function argument

39. How to handle Run-time errors?
Ans: On Error Resume Next : causes execution to continue with the statement immediately following the statement that caused the run-time error, or with the statement immediately following the most recent call out of the procedure containing the On Error Resume Next statement. This allows execution to continue despite a run-time error. You can then build the error-handling routine inline within the procedure. Using "Err" object msgbox "Error no: " & " " & Err.Number & " " & Err.description & " " & Err.Source & Err.HelpContext

40. How to change the run-time value of a property for an object?
Ans : SetTOProperty changes the property values used to identify an object during the test run. Only properties that are included in the test object description can be set.

41. How to retrieve the property of an object?
Ans : using "GetRoProperty".

42. How to open any application during Scripting?
Ans : SystemUtil, object used to open and close applications and processes during a run session. A SystemUtil.Run statement is automatically added to your test when you run an application from the Start menu or the Run dialog box while recording a test
E.g : SystemUtil.Run "Notepad.exe"
SystemUtil.CloseDescendentProcesses (Closes all the processes opened by QTP)

43. Types of properties that Quick Test learns while recording?

Ans : (a) Mandatory (b) Assistive .

In addition to recording the mandatory and assistive properties specified in the Object Identification dialog box, QuickTest can also record a backup ordinal identifier for each test object. The ordinal identifier assigns the object a numerical value that indicates its order relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description (objects that have the same values for all properties specified in the mandatory and assistive property lists). This ordered value enables QuickTest to create a unique description when the mandatory and assistive properties are not sufficient to do so.

44. What is the extension of script and object repository files?
Ans : Object Repository : .tsr , Script : .mts, Excel : Default.xls

45. How to supress warnings from the "Test results page"?
Ans : From the Test results Viewer "Tools > Filters > Warnings"...must be "Unchecked".

46. When we try to use test run option "Run from Step", the browser is not launching automatically why?

Ans : This is default behaviour.

47. How to "Turn Off" QTP results after running a Script?
Ans : Goto "Tools > Options > Run Tab" and Deselect "View results when run session ends". But this supresses only the result window, but a og will be created and can viewed manulaly which cannot be restricted from getting created.

48. How to verify the Cursor focus of a certain field?
Ans : Use "focus" property of "GetRoProperty" method"

49. How to make arguments optional in a function?
Ans : this is not possible as default VBS doesn't support this. Instead you can pass a blank scring and have a default value if arguments r not required.

50. How to covert a String to an integer?
Ans : CInt()---> a conversion function available.

51. Inserting a Call to Action is not importing all columns in Datatable of globalsheet. Why?
Ans : Inserting a call to action will only Import the columns of the Action called.

52 What are the Features & Benefits of Quick Test Pro ?

Ans. Operates stand-alone, or integrated into Mercury Business Process Testing and Mercury Quality Center. Introduces next-generation zero-configuration Keyword Driven testing technology in Quick Test Professional 8.0 allowing for fast test creation, easier maintenance, and more powerful data-driving capability. Identifies objects with Unique Smart Object Recognition, even if they change from build to build, enabling reliable unattended script execution. Collapses test documentation and test creation to a single step with Auto-documentation technology. Enables thorough validation of applications through a full complement of checkpoints.

53 How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager in QTP?

Ans. There are 4 trigger events during which a recovery scenario should be activated. A pop up window appears in an opened application during the test run: A property of an object changes its state or value, A step in the test does not run successfully, An open application fails during the test run, These triggers are considered as exceptions.You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that occurred in your testing environment during test run. Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard that guides you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps:

• Triggered Events
• Recovery steps
• Post Recovery Test-Run

54. What is the use of Text output value in QTP?

Ans. Output values enable to view the values that the application talks during run time. When parameterized, the values change for each iteration. Thus by creating output values, we can capture the values that the application takes for each run and output them to the data table.

55. How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version?

Ans. There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP:

• Thru file toolbar, In the File Toolbar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person with hat).
• True Object repository Dialog

In Object repository dialog click on the button object spy. In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol. The pointer now changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of the object if at all the object is not visible. or window is minimized then, hold the Ctrl button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.

56. Explain the concept of object repository & how QTP recognizes objects?

Ans. Object Repository: displays a tree of all objects in the current component or in the current action or entire test (depending on the object repository mode you selected). We can view or modify the test object description of any test object in the repository or to add new objects to the repository. Quicktest learns the default property values and determines in which test object class it fits. If it is not enough it adds assistive properties, one by one to the description until it has compiled the unique description. If no assistive properties are available, then it adds a special Ordinal identifier such as objects location on the page or in the source code.

57.What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser & page when using descriptive programming?

Ans. Name would be another property apart from title that we can use.

58.Give me an example where you have used a COM interface in your QTP project?

Ans. COM interface appears in the scenario of front end and back end. for eg: if you r using oracle as back end and front end as VB or any language then for better compatibility we will go for an interface of which COM will be one among those interfaces. Create object creates handle to the instance of the specified object so that we program can use the methods on the specified object. It is used for implementing Automation.

 

59. Explain in brief about the QTP Automation Object Model.

Ans. Essentially all configuration and run functionality provided via the Quick Test interface is in some way represented in the Quick Test automation object model via objects, methods, and properties. Although a one-on-one comparison cannot always be made, most dialog boxes in Quick Test have a corresponding automation object, most options in dialog boxes can be set and or retrieved using the corresponding object property, and most menu commands and other operations have corresponding automation methods. You can use the objects, methods, and properties exposed by the Quick Test automation object model, along with standard programming elements such as loops and conditional statements to design your program.